Home Defense with a Revolver

 

In Salt Lake City last month, a dramatic home invasion unfolded that showcased the bravery of an 85-year-old woman. The elderly resident was abruptly awakened by an intruder who menacingly pointed a gun and a flashlight at her while she lay in her bed. The criminal forced her out of bed, handcuffed her, and then made her sit in a wooden chair in the living room, where he restrained her further.

The assailant demanded to know the location of her valuables, threatening her life in the process. Under duress, the woman disclosed the presence of two safes in the basement, though she warned they contained little value. Seizing an opportunity when the intruder went to check the basement, she moved her chair back to her bedroom. There, she retrieved a hidden .357 revolver and brought it back to the living room, concealing it nearby.

The woman acted decisively when the intruder returned, angrier and more threatening than before. She fired two shots, striking him each time. Although the intruder managed to shoot back, injuring her, she survived the encounter, while he did not.

This incident not only highlights the woman's remarkable courage but also poignantly reminds us of the effectiveness of revolvers for home defense. For those considering enhancing their home security, now is an apt time to consider adding a revolver to your arsenal.

Alarm Response Test Run

 

Last night, or eight months ago, from a time that feels just moments past, I was roused from a profound slumber by the shrill sound of our home alarm, a disruption not unfamiliar, recalling a previous incident where a hailstone had triggered the glass break sensor. This time, at 1:14 a.m., I leaped from my bed, flashlight in hand, swiftly accessing my rapid-entry safe to arm myself with my Smith & Wesson Revolver. Cautiously, I navigated the dimly lit corridors of our home, flashlight piercing the darkness, ensuring the security of doors and windows, all undisturbed and barricaded as expected. The alarm panel revealed the cause—a window sensor in my daughter's room had been falsely activated. A thorough inspection of the premises, including a review of our security camera footage, confirmed the absence of any external threat. It was, in the end, a faulty sensor that necessitated replacement. Returning to the sanctuary of my bedroom, my comment on the efficiency of my response elicited no reaction from my weary spouse. The aftermath of the adrenaline surge delayed my return to rest, contemplation of the night's events leading to a minor resolution to declutter my nightstand, the casualty of my initial, hasty reach for the flashlight. Despite the false alarm, the incident served as an unintentional drill, reinforcing my readiness for an actual intrusion and affirming the swiftness with which I could mobilize both flashlight and firearm.

A Harrowing Encounter on the Highway, A Lesson in Road Safety and Self-Control

 

In the bustling lanes of Chicago's highways, where the wind can turn as treacherous as the city's notorious reputation for unexpected violence, a regular commute transformed into a life-threatening ordeal for one driver, a close friend of mine. His experience is a potent reminder of the unpredictable dangers of road rage and the paramount importance of staying calm under pressure.

The incident began on an ordinary day, with my friend navigating the highway alongside a towering tractor-trailer. Without warning, a powerful gust of wind sent the trailer tumbling into his lane, initiating a chain of split-second decisions that could have ended in disaster. In a desperate bid to avoid a direct collision with the overturning truck, he swerved into another lane, narrowly missing a car. While this maneuver was successful in avoiding an immediate crash, it sparked a confrontation that escalated far beyond a typical exchange of road frustrations.

The driver of the car my friend had nearly hit responded with furious honking, quickly escalating to screaming and yelling as they pulled up alongside him. Caught in a high-stress situation and acting out of character, my friend retaliated with a middle finger, an action he instantly regretted. This, however, was only the beginning of the confrontation. The other driver, revealing a level of aggression far beyond ordinary road rage, brandished a revolver, pointing it directly at my friend.

In that moment, faced with the imminent threat of violence, my friend made a critical decision that likely saved his life. Rather than attempting to outrun or confront the armed driver, he hit the brakes, allowing the aggressor to pull ahead and swiftly exit the highway to escape the situation. His decision not to contact the police afterward reflects a grim acceptance of the realities of living in a city where such incidents are often viewed as low priority.

This terrifying encounter is a stark reminder of the volatility that can surface on our roads, amplified by the stress, anonymity, and tensions of urban living. My friend learned a twofold lesson, which he hopes to pass on. First, engaging in road rage or retaliatory gestures, no matter the provocation can escalate conflicts to dangerous levels. Second, in situations where danger presents itself, the best course of action is often to remove oneself from the threat as quickly and safely as possible.

"Movement saves lives," a mantra often echoed by safety advocates, emphasizes the importance of action over inaction. Whether slowing down to avoid a threat or finding the quickest exit from a dangerous situation, the ability to calmly assess and respond to unexpected dangers on the road can be lifesaving.

As we navigate the chaotic and sometimes hostile environment of city driving, this harrowing tale serves as a crucial reminder of the importance of maintaining composure, practicing restraint, and prioritizing safety over pride or anger. In a world where tensions can flare in the blink of an eye, the accurate measure of our resilience lies in our capacity to stay calm, think clearly, and act judiciously in the face of danger.

The Acheson Line, Historical Context and Contemporary Implications

 

Dean Acheson, serving as the United States Secretary of State under President Harry S. Truman from 1949 to 1953, played a pivotal role in shaping American foreign policy during the early stages of the Cold War. His tenure was marked by significant events, including the formulation of the Marshall Plan, the establishment of NATO, and the Korean War's outbreak. One of the most enduring and controversial aspects of his legacy is the definition of the "Acheson Defense Perimeter" or "Acheson Line," which has had far-reaching implications for U.S. security policy in Asia, particularly concerning the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan's security.

Acheson's speech on January 12, 1950, at the National Press Club outlined the United States' defense commitments in the Asia-Pacific region. He delineated a defense perimeter that included Japan, the Ryukyu Islands, and the Philippines, implicitly excluding Korea and Taiwan from the immediate sphere of U.S. military protection. This delineation was intended to define the strategic areas critical to U.S. interests, beyond which the United States would not automatically extend military defense guarantees.

Historians often cite the omission of South Korea from the Acheson Line as a contributing factor to the North Korean decision to invade the South in June 1950. The perception that the United States might not defend South Korea could have emboldened North Korean leader Kim Il-Sung and his Soviet and Chinese backers to pursue reunification by force, leading to the Korean War. While the U.S. ultimately intervened to repel the North Korean invasion, the conflict solidified the division of Korea and set the stage for the prolonged military and diplomatic standoff that continues to this day.

The Acheson Line's legacy is particularly relevant to contemporary tensions between Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC). Taiwan, which was excluded from the 1950 defense perimeter, remains a major flashpoint in U.S.-China relations. The island's status and the extent of the U.S. commitment to its defense are central issues in the strategic competition between the two powers.

The U.S. policy of "strategic ambiguity" regarding Taiwan's defense has echoed the uncertainties generated by Acheson's perimeter. While the United States has not explicitly committed to defending Taiwan in the event of a PRC attack, it has provided the island with significant military support and maintained a policy aimed at deterring Beijing's unilateral changes to the status quo.

As tensions between the United States and China have escalated in recent years, the question of how the U.S. would respond to a potential conflict over Taiwan has become urgent. The situation is reminiscent of the uncertainties preceding the Korean War, with debates over strategic commitments and deterrence taking center stage.

Dean Acheson's formulation of the defense perimeter in Asia has had a lasting impact on U.S. foreign policy and security commitments. While the immediate context and strategic considerations have evolved since 1950, the fundamental challenges of deterrence, alliance management, and balancing obligations and capabilities remain central to U.S. policy in Asia. The legacy of the Acheson Line, particularly its implications for the Korean War and the ongoing tensions over Taiwan, underscores the complexities of crafting foreign policy in a rapidly changing international landscape.

Be warned: Criminal Gangs are jamming your Wi-Fi

 In recent years, a concerning trend has emerged among criminals targeting homes equipped with modern security measures: jamming Wi-Fi signals to bypass home security cameras. This technique exploits a vulnerability in the wireless infrastructure many security devices rely on, posing a significant challenge to homeowners' efforts to protect their property.

Wi-Fi jamming involves using devices that emit radio frequencies at the same bandwidth as wireless networks. This overwhelms the signal and disrupts the connection between security cameras and the home network. This interference blinds the security system, preventing cameras from recording potentially crucial evidence of burglary, vandalism, or other criminal activities.

The simplicity and accessibility of jamming equipment contribute to the problem. Devices capable of jamming Wi-Fi signals can be easily acquired online and do not require sophisticated technical knowledge. This low barrier to entry means that a wide range of criminals, from seasoned burglars to opportunistic thieves, can deploy jamming to evade detection.

Homeowners and security professionals respond to this threat with technical and strategic measures. On the technical front, advancements in security technology are leading to the development of jamming detection systems that can alert homeowners to interference with their wireless signals. Additionally, the integration of wired connections for critical security components and using encrypted, frequency-hopping signals are emerging as effective countermeasures against jamming.

Strategically, security experts recommend a layered approach to home protection that does not rely solely on Wi-Fi-dependent devices. This can include traditional, non-connected security measures such as locks and motion sensors and vigilance in monitoring the physical and digital security environment for signs of tampering or unusual activity.

The phenomenon of criminals jamming Wi-Fi to bypass home security cameras underscores the ongoing cat-and-mouse game between technology-driven security measures and those intent on circumventing them. As wireless technology permeates all aspects of home security, staying ahead of such threats through innovation and awareness becomes ever more critical.

Stranger at the door

 Advance preparation for the arrival of strangers at our homes has emerged as a pressing concern, especially after recent news reports concerning the practices of contract delivery drivers. The disparity in professionalism among these workers is striking; while some are employed, trained, and thoroughly vetted by reputable national delivery companies, complete with uniforms, others operate quite differently. A notable number of these individuals make their rounds in unmarked vehicles, attempting to contact homeowners directly to complete deliveries. This sometimes necessitates a closer interaction than might be deemed safe or comfortable, particularly when a signature is required for the delivery.

The issue of package delivery professionalism is exacerbated by employers' ongoing struggles to fill their ranks with reliable staff. Given the current trends in crime, it's becoming increasingly crucial to study and devise strategies to counter potential risks. Among the foremost concerns is the risk of criminal elements posing as legitimate delivery personnel to bypass home security measures. Therefore, the importance of preparing in advance for the possibility of a stranger's knock cannot be overstated. The last thing anyone wants is to confront an unexpected visitor with hostility or fear, potentially escalating the situation.

In addressing these concerns, it's worth questioning the necessity of home deliveries for online purchases. Opting for alternative pickup methods, such as delivery counters or package lockers, can offer a safer and more controlled means of receiving goods. However, surprise deliveries from acquaintances who may not share our caution about strangers at the doorstep can still occur, underscoring the need for mental preparedness. Envisioning and rehearsing various scenarios and responses can bolster one's confidence and readiness to handle unexpected visits safely.

Understanding the perspective of delivery drivers is also essential. Many face legitimate fears and dangers in their line of work, sometimes leading to encounters with law enforcement due to misunderstandings or false accusations. In this context, homeowners should consider how their actions and their project messages, such as displaying gun-centric signage or aggressive slogans, might contribute to a climate of fear. Simple measures, such as installing a fence or locked gate, can provide a physical barrier while allowing for necessary interactions, like signing for deliveries.

Maintaining an advantageous position is crucial when stepping outside to meet a delivery driver. This includes having good exterior lighting and being aware of one's surroundings to detect potential threats. For those who find these precautions impractical, alternatives like renting a Post Office box or using package lockers can minimize risks associated with home deliveries.

The convenience of direct-to-door deliveries, a trend accelerated by the pandemic and societal unrest, must be weighed against its potential dangers. Many have become accustomed to the ease of online shopping without fully considering the security implications. As such, now is the time to implement or revisit strategies that ensure safety and peace of mind when dealing with deliveries and strangers at our doorstep.

Adapting Techniques for Wheelchair Users

 

Self-defense is a fundamental skill for everyone, regardless of physical ability. For individuals who use wheelchairs, adapting self-defense techniques becomes essential for personal safety and empowerment. In this article, we'll explore how wheelchair users can adjust both non-lethal and lethal self-defense tools and techniques, including the use of Mace and firearms like revolvers, to effectively protect themselves.

Mace, also known as pepper spray, is a widely used non-lethal self-defense tool that can be particularly effective for wheelchair users. Its compact size and ease of use make it accessible for individuals with mobility challenges. When confronted with a threat, wheelchair users can quickly access Mace stored in a pouch attached to their wheelchair or on their person.

Adapting the use of Mace involves understanding its effective range and aiming techniques. Wheelchair users should practice deploying Mace in various scenarios to build muscle memory and confidence. Additionally, it's crucial to familiarize oneself with local laws regarding the carrying and use of pepper spray.

One advantage of Mace for wheelchair users is its ability to create distance between the user and the assailant, providing valuable time to escape or seek assistance. However, it's essential to remember that Mace is a defensive tool and should only be used as a last resort when facing imminent danger.

Lethal Force and the Role of Firearms: While non-lethal options like Mace are valuable tools for self-defense, some situations may require the use of lethal force. Wheelchair users have the same rights to self-defense as anyone else, including the right to bear arms. Firearms, such as revolvers, can provide adequate protection in life-threatening situations.

Adapting firearms for wheelchair users involves considerations such as accessibility and proficiency in handling the weapon. Wheelchair users should choose a firearm they can comfortably handle and practice shooting from a seated position. Additionally, modifications such as extended grips or trigger guards may enhance accessibility and control.

Training is paramount when incorporating firearms into self-defense strategies. Wheelchair users should undergo comprehensive firearm safety courses and regular practice at shooting ranges to maintain proficiency. Proper training not only improves accuracy but also ensures responsible firearm ownership.

Wheelchair users need to understand the legal and ethical implications of using lethal force in self-defense. Laws regarding the use of firearms vary by jurisdiction, and individuals must familiarize themselves with local regulations.

In any self-defense scenario, including those involving firearms, the principle of proportionality applies. This means that the level of force used must be proportional to the threat faced. Wheelchair users should be prepared to justify their actions following self-defense laws.

Moreover, ethical considerations come into play when deciding to use lethal force. While protecting oneself is paramount, wheelchair users should prioritize de-escalation and escape whenever possible. The goal of self-defense is to neutralize the threat while minimizing harm to oneself and others.

Adapting self-defense techniques for wheelchair users involves leveraging both non-lethal and lethal tools effectively. Mace provides a convenient and accessible option for creating distance from assailants, while firearms offer a means of last resort for defending against life-threatening situations. However, proper training, awareness of legal considerations, and a commitment to ethical behavior are crucial for wheelchair users to empower themselves while staying safe in an unpredictable world.

Walls, Wire, Bars, and Souls by Peter Grant

 

"Walls, Wire, Bars, and Souls" offers readers a gripping journey into the heart of America's high-security penitentiaries, as seen through the eyes of Peter Grant, a former prison chaplain turned author. Grant's unique perspective, forged through years of intimate interactions with some of the nation's most dangerous criminals, provides a thought-provoking exploration of the complexities of prison life.

Grant's narrative begins with his unexpected transition into the role of a prison chaplain following a career-ending injury. Determined to contribute meaningfully to public safety, he embarks on a mission to unravel the mysteries of life behind bars. Through his vivid descriptions and candid reflections, Grant pulls back the curtain on the harsh realities of incarceration, challenging common perceptions and confronting the inherent tensions that define prison culture.

One of the central themes of Grant's book is the delicate balance between compassion and caution in his interactions with inmates. Drawing on his experiences, he navigates the intricate dynamics of prison relationships, recognizing the inherent dangers while striving to offer spiritual guidance and support to those in need. His pragmatic approach, devoid of sentimentality, underscores the complexities of human nature within the confines of the penal system.

Throughout the book, Grant introduces readers to a diverse cast of characters, each with their own motivations and struggles. From the manipulative and cunning to the devoutly religious and the downright terrifying, Grant's portrayal of inmates is both nuanced and compelling. Through their stories, he explores the myriad factors contributing to criminal behavior, challenging simplistic narratives and calling for a more holistic understanding of the individuals behind the bars.

Central to Grant's narrative is his exploration of the challenges of rehabilitation and recidivism. Rejecting one-size-fits-all solutions, he advocates for a more nuanced approach to addressing the root causes of criminality, emphasizing the importance of individualized support and intervention. His insights into the complexities of prison life shed light on the systemic issues that perpetuate cycles of incarceration, urging readers to reconsider their attitudes toward rehabilitation and reintegration.

"Walls, Wire, Bars, and Souls" is more than just a memoir; it is a powerful indictment of the failings of the current penal system and a call to action for meaningful reform. Grant's unflinching portrayal of life behind bars challenges readers to confront the prison industrial complex's harsh realities and recognize the humanity that exists even in the darkest corners of society.

Church Security

 

Organizing, training, and running an armed congregant security team for a house of worship is a complex and sensitive task that requires careful planning, adherence to legal standards, and a focus on safety and respect for the community. The primary objective of such a team is to protect the congregants and the sacred space they gather in response to increasing concerns about safety in places of worship. This article will outline the key steps and considerations in establishing and maintaining an effective security team within a religious community.

The first step in creating an armed congregant security team is to define the scope and purpose of the team within the context of the needs and values of the house of worship. Leadership should consult with law enforcement, security professionals, and legal advisors to understand their jurisdiction's best practices and legal requirements for armed security. It's essential to ensure that the initiative has broad support from the congregation and is communicated transparently, emphasizing the goal of providing safety for all members.

Recruiting team members should be approached cautiously, prioritizing individuals with a background in law enforcement, military, or security work and those who demonstrate a high level of responsibility, discretion, and commitment to the community's values. All potential team members should undergo thorough background checks, psychological evaluations, and interviews to assess their suitability for the role.

Training is a critical component of preparing an armed congregant security team. This training should cover various topics, including firearms safety and proficiency, de-escalation techniques, emergency response procedures, first aid, and legal aspects of using force. It's crucial that the training is conducted by certified professionals and includes both classroom instruction and practical, scenario-based drills. Regular refresher courses and drills should be scheduled to ensure the team's skills and knowledge remain sharp and current.

The training should also emphasize the importance of discretion and sensitivity in the context of the house of worship. Armed security should not disrupt the sanctity and peace of the religious environment but rather enhance the congregants' sense of safety and well-being.

Effective management of an armed congregant security team involves ongoing oversight, coordination with local law enforcement, and communication with the congregation. The security team should have clear protocols for handling various types of incidents, with a strong emphasis on minimizing risk and avoiding harm. Leadership should ensure that the team operates within the bounds of the law and the ethical principles of the faith community.

It's also essential to maintain transparency with the congregation about the security measures being implemented while respecting the need for confidentiality regarding specific security plan details. Feedback from congregants should be welcomed, as their input can provide valuable insights into the community's concerns and the security team's impact on the worship experience.

Organizing, training, and running an armed congregant security team in a house of worship is a significant undertaking that must be approached with careful thought, professionalism, and a deep commitment to the safety and well-being of the religious community. By following best practices and focusing on the congregation's spiritual values, it's possible to create a security team that effectively protects the faithful in a manner consistent with the principles of peace and sanctuary that houses of worship aim to embody.

Introducing the New Winchester Ranger Lever Action .22 Cal Rifle

                                                                                    

Winchester stands out as a hallmark of American craftsmanship and reliability in the world of firearms. The brand, synonymous with quality and precision, has recently added a new chapter to its storied history with the introduction of the Winchester Ranger Lever Action .22 Cal Rifle. This rifle combines traditional aesthetics with modern engineering, making it an appealing choice for shooters and collectors. In this article, we delve into the features, design, and performance of the new Winchester Ranger, exploring what makes it a must-have for enthusiasts of lever-action rifles.

The Winchester Ranger Lever Action .22 cal rifle is the latest offering from the iconic firearms manufacturer, designed to meet the needs of both recreational shooters and hunters. With its sleek design, the Winchester Ranger lever-action .22 cal rifle marries the classic feel of Winchester firearms with the precision and reliability expected of modern .22 caliber rifles.

Key Features of the Winchester Ranger .22 Cal Rifle

• Lever-Action Mechanism: True to Winchester's heritage, the Ranger .22 cal rifle features a smooth, reliable lever-action mechanism that enthusiasts have come to love. This feature ensures quick and easy cycling of rounds, making it perfect for target shooting or small game hunting.

• Accuracy and Precision: The Winchester Ranger lever-action .22 cal rifle boasts a precision-engineered barrel that guarantees exceptional accuracy. Shooters can expect pinpoint precision with every shot, whether at the range or in the field.

• Classic Aesthetics with Modern Touches: The rifle's design pays homage to the classic Winchester lever-action rifles, with a beautiful walnut stock and a blued steel finish. Modern updates, including an adjustable rear sight and a front sight with a brass bead, enhance its functionality without detracting from its traditional appeal.

• Versatility: The Winchester Ranger .22 cal rifle is chambered for .22 short, .22 long, and .22 long rifle ammunition, offering versatility for various shooting applications. This makes it an excellent choice for teaching beginners, plinking, or hunting small game.

• Safety Features: Safety is a paramount concern, and the Winchester Ranger lever-action .22 cal rifle includes several features to ensure safe operation, such as a half-cock safety and a visible safety indicator.

In testing, the Winchester Ranger lever-action .22 cal rifle demonstrates outstanding performance. Its lightweight design and balanced proportions make it comfortable to carry and shoot, even for extended periods. The rifle's lever-action mechanism is notably smooth, allowing for rapid follow-up shots when necessary. Moreover, the accuracy of the Winchester Ranger .22 cal rifle is impressive, with tight groupings achievable at typical .22 cal ranges.

The Winchester Ranger Lever Action .22 Cal Rifle is a testament to Winchester's ongoing commitment to excellence in firearm manufacturing. It blends the timeless appeal of lever-action rifles with the performance and precision of modern firearms. Whether for hunting, target shooting, or as an addition to a collection, the Winchester Ranger .22 cal rifle is an outstanding choice that promises to deliver satisfaction on all fronts.

The Winchester Ranger .22 cal rifle represents a perfect blend of tradition, performance, and craftsmanship for enthusiasts looking to add a new lever-action rifle to their arsenal. Its introduction reaffirms Winchester's position as a leader in the firearms industry and underscores the brand's dedication to innovation and quality.

Exploring Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame

 

In the world of concealed carry firearms, the Smith & Wesson J-Frame revolvers have long stood as a hallmark of reliability and compact power. Among these venerable models, Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame emerges as a pinnacle of design and functionality, tailor-made for the discerning shooter who demands the best concealability, performance, and aesthetics. This exclusive edition, available only through Lipsey's, a renowned firearms distributor, offers unique features that elevate it above standard models, making it a sought-after piece for collectors and practical users alike.

The Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame is engineered for the ultimate carry experience, offering a lightweight and durable frame that ensures comfort and ease of carry without compromising on strength. The use of high-grade materials in its construction, such as aircraft-grade aluminum for the frame and stainless steel for the barrel and cylinder, results in a resilient and remarkably light revolver, a critical factor for those who carry it daily.

One of the most notable features of this exclusive model is its enhanced trigger mechanism, designed to provide a smooth and consistent pull. This improvement significantly boosts accuracy and reliability, making the Ultimate Carry J-Frame a reliable companion for self-defense situations. Additionally, the revolver comes equipped with custom grips, which add a touch of personalized elegance and enhance grip and control, even in adverse conditions.

The Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame stands out with its unique finish and detailing. The attention to detail in the finish ensures a striking appearance and added durability and resistance to wear and tear. This model also features exclusive engravings and markings, distinguishing it as a particular edition firearm that is both a functional tool and a collector's item.

In terms of performance, the Ultimate Carry J-Frame offers unmatched reliability and power in a compact frame. Its chambering in popular calibers ensures that it has the stopping power needed for self-defense, while its precision engineering guarantees accuracy. The revolver's design also includes several safety features, making it a safe choice for both seasoned shooters and those new to concealed carry.

For those in the market for a top-tier concealed carry weapon, Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame represents the perfect blend of craftsmanship, performance, and aesthetics. Its availability through Lipsey's ensures that each piece is not just a firearm but a testament to the enduring quality and innovation that Smith & Wesson is known for. Whether for personal defense, shooting sports, or as a valuable addition to any collection, this exclusive edition revolver is a premier choice for those who accept nothing less than the best.

Lipsey's Exclusive Smith & Wesson Ultimate Carry J-Frame is more than just a firearm; it is a statement of excellence in the world of concealed carry revolvers. Offering unparalleled reliability, innovative features, and a design that marries functionality with elegance, it is a must-have for anyone serious about their self-defense weaponry. Its exclusive availability through Lipsey's adds an element of prestige, making it not just a purchase but an investment in safety and style.